Used in composite materials to enhance strength and electrical conductivity without adding significant weight—common in aerospace, automotive, and sports equipment. Employed in electronics for conductive films, sensors, and transistors due to high electron mobility. Applied in energy storage, such as electrodes in batteries and supercapacitors, improving capacity and charge rates. Utilized in conductive coatings and adhesives for electronics and anti-static applications. Investigated for use in field emission devices, including displays and electron sources. Also explored in biomedical applications like drug delivery and biosensors, leveraging high surface area and cellular uptake ability.