Nanodiamond is widely used in advanced industrial and biomedical applications due to its unique combination of hardness, chemical stability, and biocompatibility. In polishing and precision machining, nanodiamond suspensions deliver ultra-smooth finishes on hard materials like sapphire and glass, essential for optics and semiconductor manufacturing. They are also added to lubricants and coatings to reduce friction and enhance wear resistance, extending the lifespan of machinery.

In biomedicine, nanodiamonds serve as effective drug delivery carriers, improving the solubility and controlled release of therapeutic agents, particularly for targeted cancer treatments. They are used in bioimaging, where their fluorescence and low toxicity allow for long-term cellular tracking and as contrast agents in techniques like MRI. Additionally, nanodiamonds are being explored in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine for enhancing scaffold properties and promoting cell growth.

Their high surface area and functionalizable surface make them suitable for sensors and catalysis support. In electronics, their tunable electrical properties enable high-sensitivity sensors for detecting chemicals or magnetic fields at the nanoscale. Emerging research also investigates nanodiamonds in skincare products for gentle exfoliation and improved ingredient penetration.

In quantum technology, certain nanodiamond defects (such as nitrogen-vacancy centers) are leveraged for quantum sensing and information processing due to their stable optical and magnetic properties at room temperature.