Nanodiamond is widely used in advanced industrial and biomedical applications due to its unique combination of hardness, thermal conductivity, and surface functionalization potential. In polishing and machining, nanodiamond suspensions provide ultra-precise surface finishing for optical components, semiconductors, and hard disk drives, outperforming traditional abrasives.

In biomedicine, nanodiamonds serve as drug delivery carriers, enabling controlled release of therapeutic agents with reduced side effects. Their biocompatibility and low toxicity make them suitable for imaging, diagnostics, and cancer therapy. Fluorescent nanodiamonds with nitrogen-vacancy centers are used in quantum sensing and high-resolution bioimaging.

Nanodiamond is also incorporated into composite materials to enhance mechanical strength, wear resistance, and thermal management in coatings, polymers, and lubricants. Additionally, it shows promise in electronics and electrochemical applications, such as electrode modifiers for sensors and energy storage devices.

In the cosmetics industry, nanodiamonds are used in skin care products like masks or creams, providing gentle exfoliation and improving the penetration of active ingredients into the skin.