Xanomeline is primarily investigated for its potential therapeutic applications in neurological disorders, particularly Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia. It acts as a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor agonist, targeting M1 and M4 subtypes, which are involved in cognitive and behavioral functions. In clinical trials, it has shown promise in improving cognitive performance and reducing psychotic symptoms, such as hallucinations and delusions, in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Additionally, its role in enhancing memory and learning processes makes it a candidate for treating cognitive deficits associated with schizophrenia. However, its use is often limited by side effects like gastrointestinal disturbances and excessive sweating, prompting ongoing research to develop more selective analogs or improved delivery methods.