Pepinemab is primarily used in clinical research and therapeutic development for its ability to block the SEMA4D (CD100) protein, which plays a role in immune regulation and neuroinflammation. By inhibiting SEMA4D, this antibody helps modulate immune cell infiltration and supports the restoration of normal tissue architecture in inflammatory and neurodegenerative conditions.

It has shown promise in oncology by enhancing T-cell infiltration into tumors, improving the effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors, and altering the tumor microenvironment to support anti-tumor immunity. Clinical trials have explored its use in solid tumors, including metastatic carcinomas, where it is combined with other immunotherapies to boost response rates.

In neurology, pepinemab is being investigated for its potential to promote neuronal repair and reduce neuroinflammation. It is studied in conditions such as Huntington’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease, where early results suggest it may help preserve brain volume and improve cognitive and motor functions. Its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier enhances its utility in targeting central nervous system pathologies.

Overall, pepinemab serves as a dual-purpose agent in immuno-oncology and neurodegenerative disease research, offering a pathway to modulate immune responses and support neural protection and repair.