Penpulimab is a monoclonal antibody designed to target the PD-1 receptor on T cells, blocking its interaction with PD-L1 and PD-L2 ligands. This inhibition enhances T-cell activation and immune response against tumor cells. It is primarily used in cancer immunotherapy, especially for the treatment of advanced or metastatic solid tumors. Clinical applications include treatment of non-small cell lung cancer, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and other malignancies where immune evasion plays a key role. By restoring the immune system’s ability to recognize and destroy cancer cells, penpulimab offers a targeted approach with potential for durable responses in selected patients. It is typically administered intravenously and may be used as monotherapy or in combination with other anti-cancer agents such as chemotherapy or other immune checkpoint inhibitors.