Used in targeted cancer therapy, particularly for tumors overexpressing EGFR such as non-small cell lung cancer, colorectal cancer, and head and neck cancers. Modotuximab binds to the extracellular domain of EGFR, inhibiting ligand-induced receptor activation and downstream signaling pathways involved in cell proliferation, survival, and metastasis. This antibody is primarily employed as a reference standard in preclinical research and assay development to evaluate the binding affinity, functional activity, and efficacy of experimental anti-EGFR therapeutics. It supports quality control in biosimilar development and serves as a benchmark in neutralization and receptor blocking assays.