Used in targeted cancer therapy, particularly for colorectal and head and neck cancers that overexpress EGFR. Binds to the extracellular domain of EGFR, blocking signaling pathways that drive cell proliferation and survival. Inhibits tumor growth and can induce antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). Often combined with chemotherapy or radiation to enhance treatment efficacy. Also used as a reference standard in immunoassays and biosimilar development.