Quetmolimab is a monoclonal antibody designed to target and neutralize CX3CL1, also known as fractalkine. This chemokine plays a key role in inflammatory processes by mediating the interaction between immune cells and vascular endothelium. By blocking CX3CL1, quetmolimab helps reduce the recruitment and activation of immune cells such as monocytes and T cells in inflamed tissues. It is primarily investigated for its therapeutic potential in chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Research has focused on conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and inflammatory bowel disease, where dysregulated immune cell migration contributes to tissue damage. In preclinical and clinical studies, quetmolimab has shown promise in reducing inflammation and slowing disease progression by interrupting the CX3CL1-CX3CR1 signaling axis. Additionally, due to the involvement of fractalkine in neuroinflammation, quetmolimab is being explored for use in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease. Its ability to modulate microglial activation in the central nervous system may help protect neurons from inflammatory damage. The antibody is also under evaluation in atherosclerosis, where fractalkine promotes plaque formation and instability. Overall, quetmolimab represents a targeted approach to controlling pathological inflammation, especially in diseases where conventional therapies are insufficient or cause broad immunosuppression.