(S)-2-Aminodecanoic acid is primarily utilized in the field of biochemistry and pharmaceutical research. It serves as a key intermediate in the synthesis of various bioactive compounds, particularly peptides and amino acid derivatives. Its chiral nature makes it valuable in the development of enantiomerically pure drugs, enhancing their efficacy and reducing side effects. Additionally, it is employed in the study of enzyme mechanisms and protein interactions, aiding in the understanding of biochemical pathways. In material science, it can be used to modify surface properties of polymers, improving their biocompatibility for medical applications.