Indibulin (ZIO 301) is primarily investigated for its potential as an anticancer agent, particularly in the treatment of various types of cancer. It functions as a microtubule inhibitor, disrupting the normal dynamics of microtubules, which are essential for cell division. This disruption leads to the inhibition of cancer cell proliferation and induces apoptosis, making it a promising candidate for cancer therapy. Research has focused on its efficacy in treating solid tumors, including breast cancer, lung cancer, and other malignancies. Its unique mechanism of action, which differs from traditional microtubule-targeting drugs, may offer advantages in overcoming drug resistance. Clinical trials are ongoing to evaluate its safety, tolerability, and effectiveness in patients, with the aim of developing it as a novel therapeutic option in oncology.