Widely used as a white pigment in paints, coatings, and plastics due to its high refractive index and excellent light-scattering properties. Provides brightness and opacity, making it ideal for architectural paints, industrial coatings, and exterior applications where durability and weather resistance are important. Commonly found in cosmetics such as sunscreens, foundations, and powders, where it acts as a physical UV blocker, protecting the skin from both UVA and UVB radiation. Its photostability and low skin irritation potential make it suitable for sensitive skin products. Used in the paper industry to improve whiteness, gloss, and printability of high-quality paper and board. Also employed in the production of ceramics, glass, and welding rod coatings for its stabilizing and fluxing properties. In advanced applications, it serves as a photocatalyst in self-cleaning surfaces, air and water purification systems, and anti-fogging coatings, especially when modified or used in nanoparticle form. Its ability to break down organic pollutants under UV light is leveraged in environmental technologies.