Used as a white pigment in ceramics and enamels, providing opacity, brightness, hardness, and heat resistance for products like tiles and refractory vessels.

Employed in the production of gas sensors due to its sensitivity to changes in environmental gases and ability to alter electrical resistance upon gas exposure, making it suitable for detecting toxic or flammable gases.

Serves as a catalyst in chemical reactions, especially in oxidation processes.

Applied in the manufacturing of abrasives and polishing powders for glass and semiconductor materials.

Utilized in some types of electrodes and electronic ceramics for its electrical properties, including as a conductive material in coated glass such as defogging automotive windows and touch displays.

Used as a protective coating to prevent corrosion on certain metals.

Found in paints, inks, and certain sunscreen formulations to enhance UV resistance, scratch prevention, and UV blocking.