Lead is widely used in the manufacturing of batteries, particularly lead-acid batteries commonly found in automobiles and backup power systems due to its ability to efficiently store and deliver electrical energy. It serves as a key component in radiation shielding, used in medical settings such as X-ray rooms and nuclear facilities, where it blocks harmful radiation. Lead is also employed in construction for roofing, flashing, and soundproofing because of its malleability and durability. In the past, it was used in plumbing and paint, but these applications have been largely phased out due to health concerns. Today, it remains important in specialized industries such as ammunition production and as a stabilizer in certain types of glass and ceramics.