Used as a catalyst in oxidation reactions, particularly in mimicking cytochrome P450 enzyme activity for the selective oxidation of organic substrates. Exhibits application in electrochemical sensors due to its redox-active metal center and stable porphyrin structure. Employed in photodynamic therapy research for its ability to generate reactive oxygen species under light exposure. Also utilized in the development of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and porous materials for gas storage and separation. Shows promise in dye-sensitized solar cells and molecular electronics because of its excellent electron transfer properties and structural tunability.