Used as a catalyst in organic synthesis, particularly in oxidation and C–H activation reactions. Exhibits activity in the degradation of pollutants under light exposure, making it useful in environmental remediation. Employed in photodynamic therapy research due to its ability to generate reactive oxygen species when irradiated. Also applied in the development of sensors and electronic devices, leveraging its stable redox properties and intense light absorption. Commonly used as a model compound in studies of metalloporphyrin behavior and electron transfer processes.