Used as a catalyst in organic synthesis, particularly in oxidation and C–H activation reactions. Exhibits activity in the selective oxidation of alkanes and alkenes using mild oxidants. Employed in electrochemical sensors due to its redox-active metalloporphyrin structure. Applied in photodynamic therapy research and as a model compound in biomimetic studies simulating cytochrome P450 enzymes. Also utilized in the development of molecular electronics and dye-sensitized solar cells owing to its strong light absorption and electron-transfer properties.