Widely used in catalytic converters for automobiles to reduce harmful emissions by converting pollutants like carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and hydrocarbons into less harmful substances such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and water vapor. Essential in the chemical industry as catalysts for various reactions, including hydrogenation, oxidation, and reforming processes, improving efficiency and selectivity in the production of chemicals and fuels. Valuable in the electronics industry for manufacturing components like electrodes, capacitors, and connectors due to their excellent conductivity, corrosion resistance, and stability. Utilized in the production of high-performance alloys for applications in aerospace, medical devices, and jewelry, providing durability, strength, and resistance to extreme conditions. Employed in fuel cells to enhance the efficiency of energy conversion processes, particularly in hydrogen fuel cells, where they act as catalysts for electrochemical reactions. Important in the glass industry for producing high-quality glass with specific optical and thermal properties, such as in the manufacturing of LCD screens and fiber optics. Used in medical applications, including cancer treatment (e.g., chemotherapy drugs) and medical implants, due to their biocompatibility and resistance to bodily fluids. Applied in environmental technologies for water purification and air filtration systems, where they help remove contaminants and improve overall environmental quality.