SRT2183 is primarily used in research settings for its potential modulatory effects on sirtuin proteins, particularly SIRT1. It has been investigated for its role in mimicking caloric restriction, which may influence aging and metabolic pathways. Studies suggest it can enhance mitochondrial function and improve insulin sensitivity, making it a compound of interest in age-related diseases and metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes. It is also explored for neuroprotective effects in models of neurodegenerative conditions like Alzheimer's and Parkinson’s disease. Additionally, SRT2183 has shown potential in cancer research due to its ability to regulate cellular stress responses and apoptosis. Its use remains limited to preclinical research, with no approved therapeutic applications in humans to date.