Used in research to study glucose metabolism and insulin regulation. Helps investigate the protective effects on heart and blood vessels, particularly in models of ischemia and oxidative stress. Plays a role in understanding the full metabolic impact of GLP-1 signaling beyond the active hormone form. Applied in studies exploring its potential benefits in type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, even though it is traditionally considered a metabolite. Shows anti-inflammatory and metabolic effects in various tissues, making it valuable for probing cellular pathways involved in energy homeostasis and tissue protection.