CAY10603 is primarily used in biochemical and pharmacological research as a selective agonist for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ). It is employed to study pathways involved in glucose metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and adipogenesis. Researchers use CAY10603 to investigate potential therapeutic strategies for metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes and obesity. It also serves as a tool compound in studies exploring anti-inflammatory responses and cellular differentiation, particularly in immune and cancer cells, due to PPARγ’s role in regulating inflammation and cell growth. Its application is largely confined to in vitro and preclinical models.