Etebenecid (also known as probenecid) is a medication primarily used to treat gout and hyperuricemia. It acts as a uricosuric agent by inhibiting the reabsorption of uric acid in the kidneys, thereby increasing its excretion in urine and reducing blood levels. Additionally, it is used in combination with certain antibiotics, such as penicillin, to enhance their effectiveness by blocking renal tubular secretion, which increases antibiotic concentrations in the blood and prolongs their therapeutic action. This is particularly valuable in treating infections requiring higher antibiotic levels. Etebenecid is also employed in diagnostic procedures to assess kidney function, such as measuring renal clearance of specific substances.