N-Isobutyrylglycine is primarily used in biochemical research and medical diagnostics. It serves as a biomarker for certain metabolic disorders, particularly those related to organic acid metabolism. By detecting and quantifying this compound in urine or blood samples, clinicians can diagnose conditions such as isobutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency. Additionally, it is utilized in studies exploring metabolic pathways and enzyme functions, aiding in the understanding of genetic and metabolic diseases. Its role in research extends to the development of therapeutic strategies and diagnostic tools for managing metabolic disorders.