Used as an intermediate in the non-mevalonate pathway (MEP pathway) for isoprenoid biosynthesis in bacteria, algae, and plants. It plays a key role in the production of essential compounds such as carotenoids, terpenes, and certain vitamins. Due to its position in a pathway absent in humans, it is a target for developing antimicrobial and antimalarial drugs. Also studied for potential use in metabolic engineering to enhance production of isoprenoids in biotechnology.