Used in biomedical applications such as targeted drug delivery, where the nanoparticles are guided to specific sites in the body using external magnetic fields. Commonly employed in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as contrast agents to enhance image clarity. Applied in hyperthermia treatment for cancer, where alternating magnetic fields generate heat to destroy tumor cells. Utilized in biosensing and magnetic separation techniques for isolating cells, proteins, or DNA from complex mixtures. Also used in environmental remediation to remove contaminants like heavy metals and organic pollutants from water through magnetic adsorption and recovery.