IOX4 is primarily used in biochemical research as a potent and selective inhibitor of the enzyme lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1). This enzyme plays a critical role in the regulation of gene expression by modifying histone proteins. By inhibiting LSD1, IOX4 helps researchers study the effects of altered gene expression in various cellular processes, including cell differentiation and proliferation. This makes it a valuable tool in cancer research, where LSD1 is often overexpressed and contributes to tumor growth. Additionally, IOX4 is utilized in epigenetic studies to understand how changes in histone methylation impact disease development and progression. Its application extends to drug discovery, where it aids in the development of targeted therapies for diseases linked to epigenetic dysregulation.