ACAT-IN-2 is primarily utilized in biochemical research to study the mechanisms of cholesterol metabolism. It acts as an inhibitor of acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT), an enzyme involved in the esterification of cholesterol. By inhibiting ACAT, it helps researchers understand the role of cholesterol esterification in cellular processes and its impact on diseases such as atherosclerosis. This compound is particularly valuable in experimental settings to explore potential therapeutic strategies for managing cholesterol-related disorders. Its application extends to in vitro studies where it is used to assess the effects of ACAT inhibition on lipid accumulation and foam cell formation, which are critical in the development of cardiovascular diseases.