Used primarily as a catalyst in organic synthesis, especially in Friedel-Crafts alkylation and acylation reactions. It facilitates the formation of carbon-carbon bonds in aromatic compounds, making it valuable in the production of pharmaceuticals, dyes, and fine chemicals. Also employed in aluminum refining processes due to its ability to dissolve aluminum oxides. Its strong Lewis acidity enhances reaction efficiency under anhydrous conditions. Handling requires care due to moisture sensitivity and corrosive nature.