PF-06260414 is primarily used in the field of medical research, particularly in the study and development of treatments for various types of cancers. It functions as a selective Aurora kinase inhibitor, targeting Aurora A and B enzymes that play a crucial role in cell division and signaling pathways. By inhibiting these enzymes, it helps in controlling the proliferation of cancer cells, thereby aiding in the development of targeted cancer therapies. Additionally, it is utilized in preclinical studies to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying tumor growth and to evaluate the efficacy of potential anticancer drugs. Its application extends to the exploration of combination therapies, where it is tested alongside other compounds to enhance therapeutic outcomes and reduce drug resistance in cancer treatment.