OTSSP167 hydrochloride is primarily utilized in biomedical research, particularly in the study of cancer therapies. It functions as a potent inhibitor of MELK (maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase), an enzyme often overexpressed in various cancers. By inhibiting MELK, it disrupts cancer cell proliferation and survival, making it a valuable tool for investigating targeted cancer treatments. Researchers also use it to explore its potential in overcoming drug resistance in certain cancers. Additionally, it aids in understanding the role of MELK in cellular processes such as mitosis, apoptosis, and stem cell regulation. Its application extends to preclinical studies for evaluating efficacy and safety in potential anticancer drug development.