GSK2118436 Mesylate is primarily used in the treatment of melanoma, particularly in cases where the cancer cells have a specific mutation in the BRAF gene. This mutation is commonly found in a significant percentage of melanoma patients. The compound works by inhibiting the activity of the mutated BRAF protein, which is responsible for promoting the uncontrolled growth of cancer cells. By blocking this protein, GSK2118436 Mesylate helps to slow down or stop the progression of the disease. It is often administered as part of a targeted therapy regimen, either alone or in combination with other treatments, to improve outcomes for patients with advanced melanoma. Clinical studies have shown that it can lead to significant tumor shrinkage and improved survival rates in individuals with BRAF-mutated melanoma.