5-Iodotubercidin is primarily used in biochemical and pharmacological research as a potent inhibitor of adenosine kinase, an enzyme involved in regulating adenosine levels in cells. By inhibiting this enzyme, it increases extracellular adenosine concentrations, which can modulate various physiological processes including inflammation, neurotransmission, and vascular tone. It has been studied for its potential neuroprotective effects in models of brain injury and ischemia due to adenosine’s role in reducing neuronal excitability and inflammation. Additionally, 5-Iodotubercidin exhibits antiviral and anticancer properties in preclinical studies, making it a tool compound for exploring kinase-dependent signaling pathways. Its ability to penetrate cell membranes enhances its utility in cellular assays and in vivo research models.