GSK1059615 is primarily used in biomedical research as a potent and selective inhibitor of the PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase) and mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) signaling pathways. These pathways play critical roles in cell growth, survival, and proliferation, making them key targets in cancer research. The compound is utilized in preclinical studies to investigate tumor cell behavior and to evaluate the therapeutic potential of dual PI3K/mTOR inhibition in various cancer types, including breast, prostate, and lung cancers. It helps researchers understand mechanisms of drug resistance and supports the development of more effective anticancer agents. Due to its specificity, GSK1059615 serves as a valuable tool compound in signal transduction studies and in validating PI3K/mTOR as a drug target.