DMH1 is a selective small molecule inhibitor of the BMP (bone morphogenetic protein) type I receptors, particularly ALK2 and ALK3. It is widely used in stem cell research and developmental biology to direct cell fate by modulating BMP signaling. One of its key applications is in the differentiation of pluripotent stem cells into specific lineages, such as neural cells, by suppressing BMP-mediated pathways that promote non-neural fates. In regenerative medicine, DMH1 supports the generation of cardiomyocytes and pancreatic cells by enhancing the efficiency of directed differentiation protocols. It is also employed in studies related to tissue engineering, where precise control of morphogen signaling is essential. Due to its ability to cross cell membranes easily, DMH1 is effective in both 2D and 3D culture systems, making it valuable for organoid development and disease modeling. Additionally, DMH1 has been used in cancer research to investigate the role of BMP signaling in tumor progression, especially in cancers involving bone or stem-like cell populations. Its specificity and potency make it a preferred tool compound over broader BMP inhibitors like dorsomorphin.