CIL-102 is a synthetic compound primarily investigated for its anticancer properties, acting as an inhibitor of topoisomerase I, which interferes with DNA replication and transcription, leading to DNA damage, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis in cancer cells. It also modulates signaling pathways by inhibiting protein kinases, such as PKC, involved in tumor cell proliferation and survival. Preclinical studies have demonstrated its activity against various cancer cell lines, particularly in models of leukemia and solid tumors. Research explores its potential in targeted cancer therapy, including combinations with other chemotherapeutic agents to enhance efficacy and overcome resistance. Currently, CIL-102 remains under experimental investigation and is not approved for clinical use.