Chelerythrine chloride is primarily used in research settings due to its potent biological activity. It acts as a selective inhibitor of protein kinase C (PKC), making it a valuable tool in studying signal transduction pathways involved in cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis. Researchers use it to investigate the role of PKC in cancer, inflammation, and neurological disorders. It also exhibits antimicrobial properties and has been studied for its potential in controlling bacterial and fungal infections. Additionally, chelerythrine chloride shows antifungal activity against plant pathogens, suggesting possible applications in agriculture as a natural pesticide. In pharmacological studies, it has demonstrated pro-apoptotic effects in various cancer cell lines, prompting interest in its potential as an anticancer agent. However, its toxicity and low selectivity limit its use in clinical applications at this stage. It is mainly restricted to in vitro studies and animal models for understanding disease mechanisms and drug development.