CAY10561 is primarily used in research settings to study cellular signaling pathways, particularly those involving the ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase) pathway. It is a potent inhibitor of ERK activation, making it a valuable tool for understanding the role of ERK in various biological processes, such as cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival. Researchers utilize this compound to investigate the effects of ERK inhibition in cancer studies, as aberrant ERK signaling is often linked to tumor growth and progression. Additionally, it is employed in preclinical studies to explore potential therapeutic strategies for diseases driven by dysregulated ERK activity, including certain types of cancers and inflammatory conditions. Its application helps in identifying molecular targets and developing novel treatments targeting the ERK pathway.