Bisindolylmaleimide X, also known as Ro 31-8425, is primarily utilized in biochemical research as a potent and selective inhibitor of protein kinase C (PKC). Its application is significant in studying cellular signaling pathways, particularly those involving PKC isoforms, which play critical roles in processes like cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Researchers employ this compound to investigate the mechanisms of PKC-mediated responses in various disease models, including cancer, cardiovascular disorders, and neurological conditions. Additionally, it is used to explore the effects of PKC inhibition on immune cell function and inflammation, providing insights into potential therapeutic strategies for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Its specificity and efficacy make it a valuable tool in understanding PKC-related cellular functions and developing targeted treatments.