SMI-4a is primarily recognized for its role as a potent and selective inhibitor of Pim kinases, which are implicated in various cellular processes, including cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation. Its application is significant in cancer research, where it is used to study the effects of Pim kinase inhibition on tumor growth and progression. By targeting Pim kinases, SMI-4a helps researchers understand the mechanisms underlying cancer cell resistance to apoptosis and explore potential therapeutic strategies. Additionally, it is utilized in preclinical studies to evaluate its efficacy in combination with other anticancer agents, aiming to enhance treatment outcomes. Beyond oncology, SMI-4a is also employed in immunological studies to investigate the role of Pim kinases in immune cell regulation and inflammatory responses.