SB-505124 hydrochloride is widely used in biochemical research as a selective inhibitor of the TGF-β type I receptor kinase, specifically ALK4, ALK5, and ALK7. It plays a crucial role in studying the TGF-β signaling pathway, which is involved in various cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Researchers utilize it to investigate the effects of TGF-β pathway inhibition in cancer, fibrosis, and inflammatory diseases. It is also employed in stem cell studies to explore its impact on differentiation and pluripotency. Additionally, SB-505124 hydrochloride aids in understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying tissue repair and regeneration, making it a valuable tool in both basic and applied biomedical research.