DNA-PK Inhibitor V (AMA37) is primarily used in research to study the DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) pathway, which plays a critical role in DNA repair mechanisms, particularly non-homologous end joining (NHEJ). By inhibiting DNA-PK, this compound helps researchers understand how cells respond to DNA damage and how defects in this pathway contribute to diseases like cancer. It is also utilized in preclinical studies to evaluate its potential as a therapeutic agent in enhancing the efficacy of radiation therapy and certain chemotherapies, as DNA-PK inhibition can sensitize cancer cells to these treatments. Additionally, it aids in exploring the role of DNA-PK in immune system regulation and its implications in autoimmune disorders.