Oclacitinib maleate is primarily used in veterinary medicine for the treatment of allergic dermatitis and atopic dermatitis in dogs. It works by inhibiting Janus kinase enzymes, which play a role in the inflammatory response, thereby reducing itching and inflammation. This medication is particularly effective in providing rapid relief from pruritus, improving the quality of life for affected animals. It is administered orally and is often prescribed for both short-term and long-term management of allergic skin conditions. Veterinarians may also use it as part of a broader treatment plan that includes other therapies to address underlying causes or secondary infections.