GSK2606414 is primarily used in research settings to study the unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway. It acts as a potent inhibitor of the PERK (PKR-like ER kinase) enzyme, which plays a critical role in managing cellular stress caused by the accumulation of misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum. By inhibiting PERK, this compound helps researchers understand the mechanisms of cellular stress responses and their implications in diseases such as cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and diabetes. Its application is particularly valuable in preclinical studies aimed at exploring therapeutic strategies targeting the UPR pathway.