Used as a coagulant in water and wastewater treatment to remove impurities and suspended particles. Effective in clarifying drinking water and industrial effluents by promoting the aggregation of fine particles for easier filtration. Also utilized in analytical chemistry as a reagent for detecting halides and in the preparation of iron-based catalysts. Commonly applied in the textile industry for dyeing and printing processes as a mordant to fix dyes on fabrics. Additionally, serves in the electronics industry for etching and surface treatment of metals.