NS638 is primarily utilized in the field of neuroscience research as a potent and selective antagonist for specific ion channels, particularly those involved in neuronal signaling. It is often employed in studies aimed at understanding the mechanisms of pain perception, as it can block certain channels that play a critical role in transmitting pain signals. Researchers use NS638 to investigate how these channels contribute to chronic pain conditions, potentially leading to the development of novel analgesic drugs. Additionally, it is applied in electrophysiological experiments to study the function and regulation of ion channels in various neuronal circuits, providing insights into neurological disorders and potential therapeutic targets. Its selectivity makes it a valuable tool for dissecting the roles of specific ion channels in complex biological processes.