GaTx2 is primarily used in research settings to study ion channels, specifically the Ca2+-activated Cl- channels (CaCCs). It is a potent and selective inhibitor of these channels, making it a valuable tool for understanding their physiological roles and mechanisms. Researchers utilize GaTx2 to investigate the involvement of CaCCs in various cellular processes, such as fluid secretion, smooth muscle contraction, and neuronal excitability. Its application extends to exploring potential therapeutic targets for diseases where CaCCs are implicated, including cystic fibrosis, hypertension, and certain neurological disorders. By blocking CaCC activity, GaTx2 helps elucidate the channels' contributions to normal and pathological conditions, aiding in the development of targeted treatments.