2-Iodylbenzoic acid (IBX) is a hypervalent iodine compound used as a mild and selective oxidizing agent in organic synthesis. It is particularly effective for the oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols to aldehydes and ketones under neutral conditions, avoiding over-oxidation. IBX is also employed in the Lemieux-Johnson oxidation for the oxidative cleavage of 1,2-diols to aldehydes or ketones. Additionally, it promotes oxidative cyclization reactions and is utilized in the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds and complex biomolecules, such as carbohydrates and aromatic systems. Its high selectivity, efficiency, and compatibility with sensitive functional groups make it invaluable in pharmaceutical and fine chemical manufacturing.