Polypodine B is primarily known for its biological activity, particularly in insect development regulation. It acts as an ecdysteroid agonist, interfering with molting and metamorphosis in insects, which makes it a subject of interest in pest control research. Due to this mode of action, it has been studied for potential use in developing bio-rational insecticides that target specific pests without harming non-target organisms.

In addition, Polypodine B exhibits anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties in preclinical studies, suggesting possible applications in pharmaceutical research, especially in the development of treatments for neurodegenerative conditions. It has also shown cytotoxic effects against certain cancer cell lines, prompting investigation into its role as a lead compound in anticancer drug discovery.

Because of its plant origin and natural ecdysteroid-like structure, it is used in phytochemical studies to understand plant defense mechanisms and insect-plant interactions. Its presence in medicinal plants further supports research into traditional herbal remedies, where it may contribute to observed physiological effects.