Used as a staining agent in electron microscopy to visualize biological macromolecules such as viruses, proteins, and nucleic acids. Its heavy metal content provides contrast by binding to biomolecules and enhancing electron density under the microscope. Also employed in analytical chemistry for the detection and quantification of certain organic compounds, particularly alkaloids and amines, due to its ability to form insoluble complexes. Additionally, it serves as a catalyst in organic synthesis, especially in oxidation and hydration reactions, where it acts as a reusable and stable reagent, making it suitable for industrial applications requiring efficiency and cost savings.