Used as a catalyst in petroleum refining and chemical synthesis, particularly in hydrodesulfurization processes to remove sulfur from fuels. It also serves as a precursor for molybdenum-based chemicals in corrosion inhibitors and lubricant additives. In materials science, it is applied in coatings and ceramics for enhanced thermal stability and oxidation resistance. Additionally, it finds use in electronic materials and as a component in certain types of sensors due to its semiconductor properties.